In this paper, we research the characteristics of the Laguerre-Gaussian (LG01) beams generated in an Er:YAG ceramic solid state laser pumped by an annular beam.The generated Mounting two LG01 beams (LG0,+1 and LG0,-1 modes) were found to have different thermally induced polarization behaviors TOYS OTHER and alternately existed in the resonator; the

Numerous studies have examined classroom seating arrangements to enhance student safety and resource utilization during COVID-19.These studies typically aimed to maximize the minimum distance between students for a given number of students to be assigned.This paper distinguishes itself from the existing literature by not only assigning students as